Contents

Acknowledgements - Rhonda L. Paulsen
How I am Thankful
9
Map of Manitoulin Island
10
Our Island - Doreen Bailey
11
Spirit Island - Doreen Bailey
12
Introduction, A Personal Welcome - Rhonda L. Paulsen
Spirit of the Island
13
Gathering One - Rhonda L. Paulsen
Defining the Framework:
- Holistic Learning
24
- Medicine Circles and Circular Vision
27
- Language Loss and Revitalization
31
Student Center: Learning Outcomes
34
Resources
35
Gathering Two - Elder Shirley I. Williams-Pheasant
A Survivor’s Story
37
Student Center: Learning Outcomes
43
Author’s Notes: Rhonda L. Paulsen
- Progressive Contact and Colonization
44
- Residential School System and Indian Agents
47
- Canada’s Truth and Reconciliation Commission
54
- Calls to Action # 62 and # 63
56
- Student Voices: Truth and Reconciliation
57
Resources
58
Gathering Three - Hanah H. Howlett-McFarlane
Colonialism Evades Ontario’s Education System
60
Student Center: Learning Outcomes
68
Author’s Notes: Rhonda L. Paulsen
- Conflict and Resolution in Education
69
- Traditional Indigenous Education
76
Resources
78
Gathering Four - Pamela McLaughlin
status quo ante bellum
80
Student Center: Learning Outcomes
82
Author’s Notes: Rhonda L. Paulsen
Treaties - Peace and Friendship (Wampum)
83
- Pre-Confederation (Upper Canada)
84
- Post-Confederation (Numbered)
84
- Modern (Land Claims - Nunavut)
85
- Metis of Ontario
86
- The Manitoulin Treaty and Forced Relocation
91
Resources
95
Gathering Five – Experiences on the Land
Nmamaa, who never liked guns: Elder Shirley I. Williams-Pheasant
97
Lost on the Ice: Doreen Bailey
102
A Goat Story: Elder Shirley I. Williams-Pheasant
104
Ballad of the Hawberry: Linda Willson
108
Student Center: Learning Outcomes
111
Author’s Notes: Rhonda L. Paulsen
- Teachings of the Seven Grandfathers
112
- Relationship to the Land
113
Resources
122

Gathering Six - Ann Elizabeth Carson

Getting T/here
123
Gathering Seven - Pamela McLaughlin
Learning from Past Mistakes
127
Student Center: Learning Outcomes
132
Author’s Notes: Rhonda L. Paulsen
- Indian Act(s)
133
- Duality of Cultures: ‘Us/Them’
139
Resources
143
Gathering Eight - Ann Elizabeth Carson
Forecast
145
Gathering Nine - Zoey Wood-Salomon
Forgotten Children
147
Student Center: Learning Outcomes
159
Author’s Notes: Rhonda L. Paulsen
- Child Welfare and the 60’s Scoop
160
- Church and Government Apologies
161
- Missing and Murdered Indigenous Women
162
- Indigenous Art and Artists
164
Resources
170
Gathering Ten - Ann Elizabeth Carson
Morning Rain
173
Gathering Eleven - Karen Pheasant-Neganigwane
Escape
175
Student Center: Learning Outcomes
185
Author’s Notes: Rhonda L. Paulsen
- The Reserve System
186
- Early Policy Banning Dance and Regalia
187
Resources
189
Gathering Twelve - Stephanie Roy and Rhonda L. Paulsen
This is Who We Are (through the generations)
190
Student Center: Learning Outcomes
202
Resources
203
Gathering Thirteen - Ann Elizabeth Carson
Lake Mindemoya
205
Student Center: Learning Outcomes
207
Author’s Notes: Elder Shirley I. Williams-Pheasant and Rhonda L. Paulsen
- Sacred Water, Thirteen Grandmother Moons, and Turtle Island
208
- Sacred Water Walks
210
- The Right for Water
211
On that note… a personal message ~ Rhonda L. Paulsen
217
Resources
220
Breathe - Rhonda L. Paulsen
222
Glossary – Rhonda L. Paulsen
224
Resources
231
Contributor Biographies
235